From concrete channel to living creek

A hard, straight-edged concrete channel runs through Jefferson, Jordan and Jayfield Parks in Brampton, Ontario. We propose to restore the urban creek into a natural, meandering watercourse, with room for fish, a floodplain, and the people who walk beside it.

A healthy creek is more than straighter water: it supports an entire system, from the soil and plants to the insects, fish and birds that depend on it.

A naturalized creek with rock riffles and young plantings, shown as a reference for the proposed restoration

Reference image: a naturalized creek channel, shown as a concept of the proposed restoration.

What we propose

Naturalize the channel

Remove the concrete lining where feasible and restore the creek's natural curves and floodplain.

Restore the habitat

Add native planting and varied water depths to support fish, birds and insects.

Strengthen stewardship

Define trail access, add signage and build community care to protect what is restored.

Five problems, five fixes

A creek doesn't work in isolation. Change the channel, and the banks, the plants, the fish and the birds all change with it. Here is what is wrong today, and what we propose to do about it.

1

A concrete-lined channel

For decades, the creek has run through these three parks in a straight, poured-concrete channel built to move stormwater quickly rather than to support life. Concrete banks leave no room for fish habitat or runoff filtration, and the aging lining is cracking, driving up maintenance costs.

Proposed fix

Remove the concrete lining where feasible and rebuild the creek with natural curves, a proper floodplain, and banks held together by living roots instead of poured slab.

The concrete-lined channel A naturalized creek channel, used here as our reference
2

Bank instability and erosion

Exposed, disturbed banks erode easily, carrying sediment into the creek and creating safety and maintenance problems along the trail.

Proposed fix

Plant native trees, shrubs and groundcover along the banks to hold the soil in place, shade the water, and rebuild a healthy edge between land and creek.

3

Limited aquatic and wildlife habitat

In TRCA's watershed-wide survey, no fish were found at three of five monitoring stations along the creek, underscoring how little habitat a hardened channel like this one can support. Our own baseline walk on 13 September 2026 found only shallow, murky, stagnant water, with no riffles or pools. See the findings on the bird monitoring page.

Proposed fix

Vary the water depths, add rock riffles, and plant the edges to create habitat diverse enough to support native fish like creek chub and white sucker, and the insects they feed on. See the Fish & Aquatic Life section below.

4

Invasive species

Invasive vegetation competes with native plants and interferes with the establishment of a healthy riparian community, crowding out the vegetation that supports local wildlife.

Proposed fix

Identify and remove invasive plants, replace them with suitable native vegetation, and continue follow-up control where invasive plants reappear.

5

Uncontrolled public access

Without clearly defined trails and guidance, visitors can unintentionally damage new plantings or disturb sensitive habitat, particularly in the first few years while a restored site is still establishing. Our baseline walk recorded heavy foot and bicycle traffic and off-leash dogs repeatedly flushing birds near the path.

Proposed fix

Define the trails, add interpretive signage like the panels further down this page, and build community stewardship so visitors can enjoy the space while protecting what is restored.

Recovery is expected to take a few years, not a few months. Newly planted areas may look young or bare at first; this is normal while the plantings establish.

Nine plants doing the work

Part of the native planting proposed across the site, these three trees, three shrubs and three herbaceous or graminoid species would provide canopy and shade, hold the banks together, and support wildlife and pollinators. Each was selected for native suitability, evidence from the Jefferson-Jordan-Jayfield planting plan, availability, procurement practicality and fit within the creek corridor. Establishing them would also help push back against invasive species, which would otherwise crowd them out.

Why these species, and not others?

Each species was screened against five criteria, so the palette responds to the needs of the creek corridor rather than to appearance or general native status alone.

Criterion 1

Native and ecological suitability

Native to the Brampton/TRCA region and suited to the wet, moist or drier conditions of its planting zone.

Criterion 2

Actual project evidence

Specified in the Jefferson-Jordan-Jayfield planting plan. Direct project evidence is preferred.

Criterion 3

Availability

Obtainable in Ontario in restoration quantities from native nurseries or suppliers.

Criterion 4

Cost and procurement

Practical for municipal restoration-scale purchasing, given stock type and bulk availability.

Criterion 5

Corridor fit and function

A clear role in the corridor: moisture zone, size, bank stability, shade, habitat and pollinator value.

Priority order: ecological suitability, then actual project evidence, then corridor and function fit, then availability, then cost.
Project evidence: the three trees and three shrubs were already specified in the planting plan. The three plants and grasses are proposed additions. Final placement, spacing, density and quantities are confirmed in detailed design, using field-verified conditions.
Trees

Why these three trees: together they cover the bank from wet to dry. Silver Maple tolerates wet, lower floodplain soils. Balsam Poplar establishes quickly in the moist riparian zone. Bur Oak is a long-lived, resilient canopy tree for the upper, drier transition. All three were in the planting plan and are available as restoration stock.

Silver Maple in autumn colour

Silver Maple

Acer saccharinum

Tree. Wet-tolerant riparian canopy; shade and habitat. Planting area: lower/moist riparian and floodplain.

Balsam Poplar, a tall narrow tree

Balsam Poplar

Populus balsamifera

Tree. Rapid establishment and riparian canopy diversity. Planting area: moist riparian zone.

Bur Oak, a broad-crowned tree

Bur Oak

Quercus macrocarpa

Tree. Long-lived, resilient canopy and wildlife value. Planting area: upper riparian / drier transition.

Shrubs

Why these three shrubs: dense roots and a strong fit for wet ground. Red-osier Dogwood holds moist banks, Bebb's Willow suits the lower bank and has bioengineering value, and Buttonbush adds structure at the wet margin. All three were in the planting plan.

Red-osier Dogwood with bright red stems

Red-osier Dogwood

Cornus sericea

Shrub. Dense roots support bank stability; cover and wildlife value. Planting area: moist banks and riparian edge.

Bebb's Willow shrub at the water's edge

Bebb's Willow

Salix bebbiana

Shrub. Strong wet-bank fit and bioengineering value. Planting area: lower bank / moist edge.

Buttonbush with round white flower heads

Buttonbush

Cephalanthus occidentalis

Shrub. Wet-area structure plus pollinator and wildlife habitat. Planting area: wet margins / low riparian.

Plants and grasses

Why these three plants and grasses: they carry flowering, pollinator value, ground cover and erosion resistance from the wet zone up to the upper bank. They are proposed additions to the planting plan.

Swamp Milkweed with pink flower clusters

Swamp Milkweed

Asclepias incarnata

Herbaceous. Wet-zone flowering diversity and pollinator value. Planting area: wet-moist herbaceous zone.

Wild Bergamot flowers, pale lavender blooms

Wild Bergamot

Monarda fistulosa

Herbaceous. Pollinator resource and diverse flowering cover. Planting area: upper bank / meadow edge.

Canada Wild Rye, a tall native grass with seed heads

Canada Wild Rye

Elymus canadensis

Grass. Ground cover, root structure and erosion resistance. Planting area: moist to upper-bank transition.

Birds as a sign of a healthy creek

Birds respond quickly to changes in vegetation, water and food, which makes bird activity one of the simplest ways to measure whether a restoration is working. We surveyed the corridor before any work begins, so every future survey can be compared with a real starting point.

22
bird species recorded
213
detections
191 min
surveyed on foot
1.31 km
of trail corridor walked

Baseline walk, Sunday 13 September 2026, Jefferson, Jordan and Jayfield Parks.

An Eastern Wood-Pewee perched on a branch in Jefferson Park

Eastern Wood-Pewee

Contopus virens

A forest flycatcher that hunts insects from the canopy of mature trees. Recorded in Jefferson Park.

A Common Yellowthroat in dense vegetation in Jayfield Park

Common Yellowthroat

Geothlypis trichas

Needs moist, dense undergrowth, so it is a direct indicator for restoring the riparian edge. Recorded in Jayfield Park.

Two Mallards resting on a rock beside the creek

Mallard

Anas platyrhynchos

Two Mallards resting beside the creek were the only waterfowl using it on the baseline walk.

Photos: Stephen Hu. Baseline survey: Vic Chiang.

Birds are only part of the picture: fish and small invertebrates tell the same story from below the surface. See the Fish & Aquatic Life section below.

Fish and the life beneath the surface

A creek's health isn't only visible from the trail. Fish and the small invertebrates living on the creek bed tell us just as much as the birds overhead.

Where we are starting from: in TRCA's watershed-wide survey, no fish were found at three of the five monitoring stations along the creek, the baseline this proposal aims to change.
Creek Chub, a native minnow

Creek Chub

Semotilus atromaculatus

A hardy, adaptable native minnow common in small coolwater urban creeks across the watershed, a realistic early arrival if habitat improves.

White Sucker resting on a creek bed

White Sucker

Catostomus commersonii

A bottom-feeding native species that tolerates a range of conditions and is documented throughout TRCA's monitored watersheds.

Blacknose Dace in shallow water

Blacknose Dace

Rhinichthys atratulus

A small, fast-moving minnow that prefers riffles and faster-flowing water, exactly the kind of habitat feature the restoration would add.

Indicators beneath the surface

Small invertebrates living on the creek bed, including mayflies, caddisflies and stoneflies, need clean, oxygenated water to survive. Their presence or absence tells ecologists almost as much as counting fish. Hardened, degraded urban streams tend to be dominated instead by more pollution-tolerant worms and midges.

Further downstream in the watershed, habitat restoration work has already helped bring species like Smallmouth Bass and Northern Pike back to the creek corridor, evidence that naturalization works when it's given enough room.

Five stops along the Don Doan Trail

Each stop would have its own sign with a QR code you can scan to read more on your phone as you walk.

Hover or tap a numbered stop for details · background: TRCA concept plan
1

The Problem

Trail entry, Jefferson Park

What the concrete channel looks like today, before any work begins.

2

The Fix

Viewing node, Jordan Park

The naturalized channel and bank measures we propose.

3

Who Lives Here Now

Best sightline, Jordan Park

The birds recorded on our baseline walk before any work begins, and the fish and birds we will track as restoration proceeds.

4

Plant ID

Near the pollinator & community garden, Jayfield Park

Match the plants around you to the field guide.

5

Take Action

Amphitheatre, Jayfield Park

Leave feedback or join a Community Bird Watch.

Tell us what you think

This is a proposal, not a finished project. Your feedback will help the City of Brampton and TRCA decide whether and how it moves forward.

Public feedback survey

9 short questions about your visits, the proposed restoration, and how you'd like to get involved.

Takes about 3 minutes
Open the survey

Join the Community Bird Watch

You do not need to be a birder. Share a photo, video or sighting from the parks, or submit an eBird checklist, to help build the record we will measure change against.

Learn more

A few ways to help protect it

  • Stay on designated trails and access areas.
  • Respect wildlife and vegetation, especially newly planted areas.
  • Avoid removing or damaging plants.
  • Keep litter and pollutants out of the environment.
  • Observe nature without disturbing sensitive habitat.

Trail notes: the 5 interpretive signs

This is our proposed design for the signage that would stand at each of the 5 numbered stops along the Don Doan Trail. Select a stop to open it.

1Stop 1: The Problem▾
Trail entry, Jefferson Park
The Problem
Why the creek needs to change
A channel built for speed, not life

For decades, the creek has run through Jefferson, Jordan and Jayfield Parks inside a straight, poured-concrete channel. Channels like this were common across Ontario in the 1960s and 70s, built to move stormwater away from new subdivisions as quickly as possible.

That speed came at a cost. Concrete banks leave no room for fish habitat, no soil or roots to filter runoff before it reaches the creek, and no floodplain to slow the water during a storm. Over time, the aging concrete lining has also begun to crack, raising maintenance costs for the city. Where the concrete ends, the exposed banks erode just as easily, washing sediment straight into the creek.

This stretch was identified as a priority restoration site.
What we foundWhy it matters
Concrete channelNo fish habitat, no filtration
Bank erosionSediment washing into the creek
Limited habitatNo fish found at 3 of 5 survey stations
Invasive speciesCompete with native plants
Public accessHeavy trail use and off-leash dogs disturb birds
The old concrete channel
The concrete-lined channel today
ground level water CONCRETE CONCRETE no floodplain: stormwater has nowhere to spread
Cross-section: a hardened channel has no floodplain
2Stop 2: The Fix▾
Viewing node, Jordan Park
The Fix
What naturalization would involve
A partnership between the City and TRCA

The proposal is for the City of Brampton and TRCA to remove the concrete lining where feasible and rebuild the creek with natural curves, a floodplain, and banks held together by living roots instead of poured slab.

Banks would be reshaped to gentler slopes where appropriate, and erosion-control and bioengineering measures, such as geotextile, riprap and native seeding and planting, would be applied based on technical recommendations. The anticipated result: slower water, more habitat, and far less long-term maintenance.

Here is how each problem from the trail entry sign would be addressed:

The naturalized creek channel
Example of a similar TRCA naturalization, used here as our reference
112233 deeper pool rock riffle 1Upper bank: Bur Oak, Wild Bergamot, Canada Wild Rye 2Moist bank: Silver Maple, Balsam Poplar, Red-osier Dogwood 3Wet margin: Buttonbush, Bebb's Willow, Swamp Milkweed
Proposed cross-section: planting by moisture zone, from the wet margin to the upper bank, with varied water depths
Proposed phaseScope of work
Phase 1Remove the concrete channel
Phase 2Rebuild a natural channel and floodplain
Phase 3Plant native trees and shrubs along the banks
Phase 4Apply erosion-control and bioengineering measures to the banks
Phase 5Manage invasive species
3Stop 3: Who Lives Here Now▾
Best sightline, Jordan Park
Who Lives Here Now
Reading the creek through its wildlife
What we recorded before any work

A concrete channel supports almost nothing. On the morning of 13 September 2026 we walked all three parks before any restoration work began: 22 bird species and 213 detections, mostly common urban birds, along a creek of shallow, murky water with no riffles or pools. In TRCA's watershed-wide survey, no fish were found at three of five monitoring stations along the creek.

Watch for Eastern Wood-Pewees hunting insects in the mature trees, Common Yellowthroats calling from the dense thickets, and Mallards resting beside the creek. Restoration is anticipated to bring more native species, including native fish such as creek chub and white sucker, and we will repeat the surveys to measure the change.

Monitoring began before construction. Scan the QR code to see the bird record and to join the Community Bird Watch.
Eastern Wood-Pewee
Eastern Wood-Pewee
Common Yellowthroat
Common Yellowthroat
Mallards
Mallard
Recorded on the baseline walk, 13 September 2026. Photos: Stephen Hu
Creek Chub
Creek Chub
Semotilus atromaculatus
White Sucker
White Sucker
Catostomus commersonii
Blacknose Dace
Blacknose Dace
Rhinichthys atratulus
Native fish the proposed habitat is designed to support
4Stop 4: Plant ID▾
Pollinator and community garden, Jayfield Park
Plant ID
Nine native species doing the work
What we propose to plant

Every species along this corridor earns its place: trees give canopy and shade, shrubs and deep roots hold the bank together, and flowers and grasses feed pollinators and resist erosion. None of them are decorative choices. They're also the first line of defence against invasive species, which would otherwise crowd them out.

Each was chosen to suit the wet, moist or drier conditions of its planting zone along the creek corridor.

Trees
Silver Maple in autumn colour
Silver Maple
Balsam Poplar, a tall narrow tree
Balsam Poplar
Bur Oak, a broad-crowned tree
Bur Oak
Shrubs
Red-osier Dogwood with bright red stems
Red-osier Dogwood
Bebb's Willow shrub at the water's edge
Bebb's Willow
Buttonbush with round white flower heads
Buttonbush
Plants and grasses
Swamp Milkweed with pink flower clusters
Swamp Milkweed
Wild Bergamot
Wild Bergamot
Canada Wild Rye, a tall native grass with seed heads
Canada Wild Rye
Native species proposed for this stretch
5Stop 5: Take Action▾
Amphitheatre, Jayfield Park
Take Action
Protecting it is easier than fixing it
Keeping it healthy

Removing concrete and planting native species is the hard part. Keeping this stretch healthy afterward is an ongoing job, one that works best with the people who use the park every day.

Tell us what you think, join a Community Bird Watch, or share a bird photo or sighting next time you're here. Every bit of feedback helps the City of Brampton and TRCA plan what comes next.

A few ways to help: stay on designated trails, respect wildlife and new plantings, avoid removing or damaging plants, keep litter and pollutants out, and observe without disturbing sensitive habitat. Recovery is expected to take a few years, not a few months, so newly planted areas will look young at first.

The feedback survey takes about 3 minutes.
Concept plan excerpt showing the proposed amphitheatre and gathering area
Concept plan excerpt: the gathering area, Jayfield Park
Give feedbackOnline survey, about 3 minutes
Get involvedJoin a Community Bird Watch (spring and fall)
Help us track itShare a photo, video or eBird checklist